Narak Chaturdashi, also known as Choti Diwali or Roop Chaudas, is celebrated on the fourteenth day (Chaturdashi) of the Krishna Paksha (dark fortnight) in the month of Ashwin (October-November). It precedes the main day of Diwali.

The festival is associated with various stories, but it doesn’t have a specific mention in a particular Hindu scripture. It is often linked to the victorious narrative from the Mahabharata.

Origin of Narak Chaturdashi

Narakasura, the demon king, was a powerful and tyrannical ruler. He had gained immense strength and invincibility through a boon granted by Lord Brahma, which made him nearly invulnerable.

Fuelled by his newfound power, Narakasura wreaked havoc on the celestial beings (Devas) and even captured Aditi, the mother of Devas. He imprisoned 16,000 princesses in his palace.

Unable to withstand Narakasura’s atrocities, the Devas, led by Lord Indra, approached Lord Krishna for help. They sought Krishna’s intervention to defeat the demon king and liberate the captives.

Lord Krishna, known for his compassion and sense of justice, agreed to confront Narakasura. He decided to end the reign of terror and restore balance to the universe.

A fierce battle ensued between Lord Krishna and Narakasura. Despite Narakasura’s formidable powers, Krishna, with his divine strength and strategy, fought valiantly.

During the battle, Satyabhama, one of Krishna’s consorts, played a crucial role. She accompanied Krishna and fought alongside him, contributing to the eventual victory.

In a climactic moment, Lord Krishna pierced Narakasura with his Sudarshana Chakra, finally defeating the demon king. As Narakasura fell, he realized the consequences of his actions and sought redemption.

Before his demise, Narakasura expressed remorse for his deeds and requested a boon from Krishna. He asked that his death be celebrated with lights and festivities, signifying the victory of light over darkness.

With Narakasura’s defeat, the imprisoned princesses and Aditi were liberated. The universe was once again free from the tyranny of the demon king.

In gratitude for the liberation, the day of Narakasura’s defeat came to be known as Narak Chaturdashi.

Significance of Narak Chaturdashi

Narak Chaturdashi symbolizes the triumph of good over evil, light over darkness. It is a day to celebrate the victory of Lord Krishna, who liberated the world from the tyranny of Narakasura.

Observance and Rituals

a. Abhyang Snan (Oil Bath):

• Devotees start the day with an early morning oil bath, known as Abhyang Snan, which is believed to cleanse the body and purify the soul.

b. Symbolic Victory over Evil:

• The victory of Lord Krishna over Narakasura is commemorated by bursting firecrackers symbolizing the victory of light over darkness.

c. Diya Decoration:

• Homes are adorned with oil lamps (diyas) to symbolize the dispelling of darkness and the arrival of light.

d. Preparations for Diwali:

• Narak Chaturdashi is a day of preparations for the main Diwali. People clean and decorate their homes, light lamps, and make rangoli designs.

Legends Associated

The primary legend revolves around Lord Krishna’s battle with Narakasura. Krishna, along with his consort Satyabhama, defeated Narakasura and freed the captive princesses.

Culinary Delights

Special sweets and savory dishes are prepared on this day, emphasizing the joyous and festive nature of the occasion.

Conclusion

Narak Chaturdashi serves as a precursor to Diwali, marking the triumph of good over evil and the preparation for the festival of lights.